Does Hypermobility Matter?

Hypermobility is characterised by ligament laxity, which means ligament lacks the normal tension to stabilise joints which causes the affected joints to have a greater range of motion than typical. In horses born with hypermobility, ligament laxity usually manifests in all connections, including the cervical spine (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar, pelvis/sacrum, and limbs.

Watch the short video above that illustrates hypermobility in action.

Now, the question arises: Does hypermobility matter in how a horse can function?

The answer is YES! Hypermobility can have a significant impact on a horse's function and performance. While increased levels of joint flexibility will make a horse's movement look extremely extravagant and athletic, hypermobility can lead to several issues:

• Compensatory changes: When we have an excessive range of motion in certain joints, let’s take the Lumbosacral, for example, the horse is forced to make compensatory changes in other areas to maintain balance and stability in the base of the neck and the shoulders. This can affect the overall coordination and tensegrity of the horse's and leads to compromised, unhealthy movement and a lack of strength and stability to carry a rider without damaging effect.
• Increased risk of injury: Hypermobility increases the risk of joint injuries, as the ligaments laxity may not provide adequate support during strenuous activities or sudden movements, exposing joints and soft tissue to excessive stress. In hypermobile horses we often see a very early onset of osteoarthritis, joint wear and remodeling of bone.
• Altered gait and problems with proprioception: The horse's gait and overall proprioception ( the awareness of the position and movement of the feet and body) will be affected by hypermobility, precision and balance are crucial for long term soundness. 

The question of whether hypermobility matters in how a horse can function is essential. While hypermobility shows to be advantageous in certain situations (the competitive dressage arena), it can also lead to challenges. These challenges may include difficulties in maintaining balance, increased risk of joint injuries and wear, and potential issues with performance, especially in disciplines that require precise control and stability.

Understanding the potential challenges of proprioception and stability for a hypermobile horse is important when assessing a horse's potential and considering its suitability for specific activities. It's important to address hypermobility and train to condition proprioception, balance and strength to optimize the horse's function and overall well-being. These horses can be marvelous athletes but they need to have a skilled and mindful trainer!